长背鳍扭波推进活鱼实验研究

对依靠长背鳍扭波推进的尼罗河魔鬼鱼(GNF)进行循环水槽实验研究,录制各种游动模式的DV图像,分析研究GNF的游动参数,得到了扭波频率、波长与游速的定量关系,以及斯特罗哈数与雷诺数的关系曲线。当特征游速U≤1.3时,游速与扭波频率成正比,特征波长λ≈0.31,斯特罗哈数St≈0.41;当特征游速U1.3时,扭波频率ν不再增大(约5.5～6 Hz),GNF采用变波长模式游动,平均特征波长λ最大增加到0.38,斯特罗哈数St则减小,最小为0.31,与BCF模式St值相同。     

某型飞机大气数据系统设计

大气数据系统是重要的机载电子设备,其性能、精度直接关系到飞机的飞行安全.在介绍某型号飞机大气数据系统的软硬件体系结构的基础上,从三个方面深入研究了提高大气数据系统精度的途径:大气数据计算模型;基于BP神经网络的压力测量温度误差补偿方法;一种计算型静压源误差补偿方法.其大气数据系统系统性能稳定,结构紧凑,速度快,精度高,软硬件升级简单.试验证明其大气数据系统能很好满足某型号飞机的使用要求.     

新型低后坐膨胀波火炮的原理分析及模型研究

系统地介绍了各种低后坐武器的工作原理和存在的相应缺陷,并在此基础上全面介绍了一种新型低后坐武器--膨胀波火炮的工作原理、性能,以及目前尚待解决的技术问题.同时根据膨胀波火炮的工作方式,考虑发射过程中混合流体的相间作用,采用两相流理论中的分流法建立描述膛内射击过程的内弹道两相流气动力模型,分析了其减小后坐和降低身管温度的机理,并给出了相应的数值解法.     

基于航向自动舵实船环境模拟的海浪扰动模型研究

以航向自动舵实船模拟环境的建立为背景,讨论了等效到舵叶舵角上的海浪扰动数学模型的建立,并通过仿真,分析了各种因素对海浪扰动的影响.     

炸药冲击波激励气体辐射的数值模拟

建立了炸药冲击波激励气体辐射的物理模型和数学模型。用MMIC - 2D软件对爆炸过程进行了模拟计算。分析了冲击波作用下气体的流动特性 ,并给出了爆炸全场的密度分布及随时间的变化规律     

Experimental study on explosion dispersion process of a multi-layer composite charge under different initiation modes

The influence of initiation modes on the explosive dispersion process of the multi-layer composite charge (MCC) was studied. Overpressure sensors and high-speed photography system were used to investigate the energy release process of an MCC with a specific structure. The shock wave pressure and explosive dispersion characteristics of the MCC under different initiation modes were compared. The forming and expanding process of the shock wave of the composite charge under different initiation modes was determined. The separation position of the shock wave and fireball interface was determined. The calculation formulas of the shock radius and overpressure of the composite charge are presented. The radius of the shock wave of the composite charge was significantly affected by the initiation mode. Moreover, the development process of the composite explosive fireball under different initiation modes was analyzed, the variation rules of the composite charge dispersion radius and fireball dispersion velocity with time were obtained under the different initiation modes, the explosion energy release rate of composite charge under simultaneous initiation modes was the highest, and the peak overpressure under the simultaneous initiation mode was 1.61 times that of central single-point initiation.     

Investigation on energy output structure of explosives near-ground explosion

In order to give the energy output structure of typical explosives near-ground explosion in real ground conditions, the free-field shockwave, ground reflection shockwave and Mach wave overpressure time history of composition B explosive, RDX explosive and aluminized explosive were measured by air pressure sensors and ground pressure sensors. The shape of the free-field shock wave, ground reflection shock wave, and Mach wave and explosion flame were captured by high-speed camera. The experimental results show that, at the same horizontal distance from the initiation point, the peak overpressure of explosive shock wave of composition B explosive, both in the air and on the ground, is less than that of RDX and aluminized explosives. At a distance of 3.0 m from the initiation point, the peak overpressure of aluminized explosives is slightly less than that of RDX explosives. Owing to the exothermic effect of aluminum powder, the pressure drop of aluminized explosives is slower than that of RDX explosives. At 5.0 m from the initiation point, the peak overpressure of aluminized explosives is larger than that of RDX explosives. At the same position from the initiation point, among the three kinds of explosives, the impulse of aluminized explosives is the maximum and the impulse of composition B explosives is the minimum. With the increase of the horizontal distance from the initiation point, the height of Mach triple-points (Mach steam) of the three explosives increases gradually. At the same horizontal distance from the initiation point, there is poorly difference in the height of Mach triple-points between aluminized explosive and RDX explosive, and the height of Mach triple-points of composition B explosive is much smaller than that of other two explosives. The maximum diameter and duration of the fireball formed by aluminized explosives are the largest, followed by composition B explosive, and the maximum diameter and duration of the fireball formed by RDX explosive are the smallest.     

辐射叶加载的短波宽带鞭状天线优化设计

提出一款具有多层辐射叶结构的新型鞭状天线,在10 m鞭状天线体上设置不同的辐射叶层数、半径、长度、分支数、仰角及其分布情况,研究其对天线辐射性能的影响,综合考虑选择一套最合适的辐射叶结构,并为天线进行双加载和宽带匹配网络的算法优化。仿真结果表明,与现有的普通宽带鞭状天线相比,增益和效率得到了普遍提高,在低频段增益最高提高了3 dB,效率最高提高了5%;在高频段增益最高提高了5 dB,效率最高提高了35%,方向图上翘也得到了一定的抑制,为改善现有的宽带鞭状天线提供一种新的结构设计方法。     

基于相关算法超声流量计的研究

为解决开采原油的精确在线计量问题,在对超声波相关流量计原理分析的基础上,重点研究了超声波相关流量算法。采用循环相关算法,有效克服了有限长离散数据线性相关算法所出现的计算失效问题,并以DSP芯片为核心,实现了超声波相关流量测量系统的设计,完成了信息不丢失测量以及对困难流体流量的非接触在线计量。实验方案经油田现场测试,计量误差可以控制在2%以内。     

水下近距爆炸作用下弹性钢板处的空化特性研究

弹性钢板在水下近距爆炸作用下,冲击波会使其附近流体形成局部空化,脉动气泡会使流体形成锥形空化。利用平面冲击波理论对局部空化的形成特性进行了研究,理论分析了结构目标尺度的变化对空化区域形成的影响,并通过具体试验对局部空化理论进行了验证,两者符合较好;通过试验和数值仿真方法研究了气泡脉动引起的锥形空化的形成特点,初步分析了锥形空化的形成原因。结果表明,锥形空化对结构具有较大的冲击作用。